Refer to the Figure Below Showing an RNA Oligonucleotide Undergoing

question 101

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure below showing an RNA oligonucleotide undergoing hydrolytic breakdown into its component nucleotides. Hydrolysis occurs in DNA molecules, too, but at a rate that is 100 times slower than that in RNA.Which statement explains how this information supports the hypothesis that RNA and not DNA became the first complex molecule that assisted in the synthesis of proteins during the rise of life on Earth?

• A) DNA is more stable than RNA, which means that DNA molecules would have resisted evolutionary change during the rise of life on primitive Earth.
• B) RNA contains a different set of bases than DNA, and that difference likely affected the ability of RNA to assist in the polymerization of amino acids into peptides.
• C) DNA is protected within the nucleus of a cell, whereas RNA is available in the cytoplasm of a cell, where it can react with other molecules more readily.
• D) RNA contains a reactive hydroxyl group that is absent in DNA and that can catalyze chemical change in itself or in other molecules.
• E) DNA tends to remain as one long strand rather than breaking up into smaller fragments as RNA does, which makes RNA more mobile as a catalyst.

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Definitions:

Fixed Overhead

Regular, consistent costs incurred by a business that are not affected by the level of goods or services produced, such as rent and salaries.

Budget Variance

The difference between the budgeted or planned amount of expenses or revenues, and the actual amount incurred or earned.

Predetermined Overhead Rate

A rate calculated before the period begins, used to allocate manufacturing overhead to products based on a specific activity base.

Volume Variance

The difference between planned production volumes and actual production volumes, and its effect on budgeted costs.