Refer to the figure, which shows volcanic activity. 
Explain the consequences of the "parasol effect" of a volcano with respect to the global decline in species diversity found in the fossil record following episodes of heightened volcanic activity.
Definitions:
Fertilization
The process of a sperm cell uniting with an egg cell, leading to the development of a fertilized egg or zygote.
Zygote
The initial cell formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, representing the earliest stage of embryonic development.
Prenatal Development
The process of growth and development within the womb from conception to birth.
Germinal
Pertaining to the initial two-week phase of prenatal development following conception.
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