The Chloroplast of Red Algae Retains Certain Pigments of the Original

question 234

Multiple Choice

The chloroplast of red algae retains certain pigments of the original cyanobacterial endosymbiont that are absent in the chloroplasts of green algae.The evolutionary significance of this is that

• A) red algae cannot photosynthesize, leading to heterotrophy.
• B) neither green algae nor red algae can be classified as protists.
• C) chloroplasts originated as free-living prokaryotes.
• D) red algae are cyanobacteria.
• E) red algae are prokaryotes.

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Definitions:

Economies of Scale

Cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale.

Diminishing Marginal Returns

The principle that as additional units of a factor of production are added, the increase in output will eventually decrease, holding other factors constant.

Constant Returns to Scale

A situation where increasing all inputs by a certain factor results in output increasing by the same factor, indicating proportionate scalability of production.

Increasing Returns to Scale

Occurs when an increase in all inputs by a certain percentage causes a more than proportional increase in output.