Refer to the Table Below, Which Shows Hypothetical Data for a Cohort

question 28

Multiple Choice

Refer to the table below, which shows hypothetical data for a cohort of robins. The best explanation of survivorship (l_x) is that it is

• A) the number of organisms remaining alive at any given time.
• B) the number of organisms dying within any given time period.
• C) the percentage of organisms dying within any given time period.
• D) calculated by dividing N_x by N₀, or the number of individuals surviving by the starting number.
• E) calculated by dividing N₀ by N_x, or the starting number of individuals by the number surviving.

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Definitions:

Taxes

Compulsory financial charges or other types of levies imposed upon a taxpayer by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.

Lump Sum Tax

A type of tax that is a fixed amount, no matter the change in circumstance of the taxed entity.

Horizontal Equity

The idea that taxpayers with similar abilities to pay taxes should pay the same amount

Average Tax Rate

The proportion of total income that is paid as tax.