Some Types of Pine Trees Are Attacked and Fed on by Pine

question 93

Multiple Choice

Some types of pine trees are attacked and fed on by pine bark beetles.As the beetles feed, they girdle the trees, destroying the phloem layer and killing the trees.Pine bark beetles are also associated with the blue stain fungus, which grows in their frass (feces) .As they attack the trees, the beetles also inject the fungus.The fungal hyphae grow into the tree and follow its xylem cells, blocking the flow of xylem and causing rapid tree death.Suppose pine bark beetles that lacked the blue stain fungus attacked pine trees.How would the absence of the blue stain fungus be likely to affect the death rate of pines?

• A) There would be little effect; the beetles would still kill the trees.
• B) It would be lower; only beetles, not fungus, would be killing the trees.
• C) It would be higher; beetles would be more efficient without the fungus.
• D) It would be high but slower; only beetles, not fungus, would be killing the trees.
• E) It would be high but faster; beetles would be more efficient without the fungus.

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Definitions:

Traditional Costing System

An accounting method that applies indirect costs to products based on a predetermined overhead rate, without distinguishing between activities or processes.

Manufacturing Overhead

All indirect manufacturing costs, encompassing expenses such as maintenance, utilities, and salaries not directly tied to specific units produced.

Activity-Based Costing

Activity-Based Costing is an accounting method that assigns costs to products or services based on the activities they require.

Predetermined Overhead Rate

An estimated rate used to allocate manufacturing overhead to individual products or job orders based on a specific activity base, such as machine hours.