Refer to the Figure

question 212

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure. Due to rising atmospheric CO₂ levels, ocean temperatures are increasing and CO₂ dissolving in oceans is causing increased acidification.Omnivores (crustaceans and snails) in an estuarine food web in Sweden feed on herbivores, macroalgae, and microalgae.Herbivores feed on microalgae, which compete with macroalgae for light.Christian Alsterberg and colleagues analyzed how these three groups reacted to ocean warming and acidification, with and without the presence of omnivores.According to the graphs, which group(s) show(s) a significant increase when CO₂ and temperature are increased and omnivores are removed?

• A) Benthic microalgae only
• B) Macroalgae only
• C) Herbivores only
• D) Benthic microalgae and macroalgae
• E) Macroalgae and herbivores

---

Definitions:

Activation Gate

A mechanism of ion channels within cellular membranes that allows ions to enter or exit a cell in response to physiological signals.

Continuous Conduction

The propagation of an electrical impulse along an unmyelinated axon without interruption.

Action Potentials

Rapid, temporary changes in the electrical membrane potential of a cell, which allow for the transmission of signals along neurons.

Local Currents

Electrical currents that flow in the neuronal membrane due to the movement of ions in and out of the neuron, vital for the propagation of action potentials.