The Fungal Pathogen Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis, or Bd, Has Been Strongly

question 176

Essay

The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, or Bd, has been strongly implicated in the decline of amphibians around the world.Researchers are currently debating whether Bd is a novel pathogen, recently introduced into wild populations (the "novel pathogen hypothesis"), or whether it existed before the declines and emerged because of human-caused environmental changes (the "emerging endemic hypothesis").Based on what you know about this disease and its spread, which hypothesis seems more likely? Justify your choice.

Recall the presidents most closely associated with the Great Depression.

Identify historical events that did not occur in the 1930s.

Compare economic responses to major historical events.

Understand the historical context, causes, and outcomes of economic recessions and policies in the United States.

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Definitions:

Categorical Grants

Federal funds provided to states and localities, earmarked for specific, narrowly defined purposes, usually with conditions attached.

Unfunded Mandates

Regulations or requirements imposed by higher levels of government without providing corresponding funds to cover the costs.

Block Grants

Funds provided by the federal government to state and local governments to support broad purposes with relatively few restrictions on how they are spent.

Cooperative Federalism

A concept of federalism in which national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems.