ÉMile Durkheim Did Not Consider Magic to Be Part of Religion

question 25

Multiple Choice

Émile Durkheim did not consider magic to be part of religion because:

• A)religion involves the whole community but magic focuses on an individual
• B)magic is not performed by religious specialists
• C)magic does not involve gods and spirits
• D)magic does not involve the performance of rituals

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Definitions:

Blocking

The prevention of the acquisition of a conditioned response (CR) to a second conditioned stimulus (CS2) when two stimuli are paired with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) and conditioning has already occurred to the first stimulus (CS1).

Conditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that was once neutral but, upon being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, begins to elicit a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior learning or conditioning.

Rescorla-Wagner Model

A mathematical model describing how the strength of a stimulus-reinforcement association is learned and how it changes during the conditioning process.