Professor Iconu Has Developed a New Test of Level of Spiritual

question 4

Multiple Choice

Professor Iconu has developed a new test of level of spiritual awareness for his course on religions of the world. Any such test must have several versions because some people take the test more than once. Unfortunately, it turns out that the same person often gets very different scores, depending on which version of the test is offered, even when taking the versions at nearly the same time. The test suffers from:

• A) large bias.
• B) confounding.
• C) large sampling errors.
• D) low reliability.

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Definitions:

Nondeclarative Memory

A type of long-term memory that doesn't require conscious thought to recall, often involving skills and tasks.

Motor Skills

Abilities required to execute physical actions involving coordination between muscles and the nervous system.

Classically Conditioned Responses

Behaviors that are learned through the process of associating an initially neutral stimulus with a stimulus that naturally evokes a response.

Nondeclarative Memory

A type of long-term memory that stores knowledge of procedures and how things are done, rather than explicit facts or events.