Which Statement About Edward Tolman's Conditioning Experiments Is Accurate

question 54

Multiple Choice

Which statement about Edward Tolman's conditioning experiments is accurate?

• A)conditioned reinforcers were used instead of primary reinforcers.
• B)one-to-one associations between stimuli and responses could not explain animals' behaviour.
• C)animals' biological preparation to learn certain associations was experimentally manipulated.
• D)the operant chamber could be used to test animal cognitions.

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Definitions:

Birds

Warm-blooded, feathered vertebrates that lay eggs, characterized by their ability to fly, although some species are flightless.

Adaptations

The process by which organisms adjust to changes in their environment, often leading to evolutionary changes that improve survival and reproduction.

Ozone

A form of oxygen with three atoms per molecule, forming a layer in the Earth's atmosphere that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation.

Ultraviolet Radiation

A type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays, capable of causing chemical reactions and damaging living tissues.