Which of the Following Was the Result on Appeal in In Re

question 84

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was the result on appeal in In re Girolamo Afonica, the case in the text in which the debtor, without a certificate of title, transferred a vehicle securing a loan of over $11,000 to another party purportedly because the debtor's ex-wife objected to the presence of the car in the driveway?

• A) That the debt was nondischargeable in bankruptcy because the debtor acted to defraud the bank.
• B) That the debt was nondischargeable in bankruptcy because the debtor acted willfully and maliciously to cause injury to the collateral.
• C) That the debt was nondischargeable in bankruptcy both because the debtor acted to defraud the bank and because the debtor acted willfully and maliciously to cause injury to the collateral.
• D) That the debt was totally dischargeable in bankruptcy because proof of fraud was not established.
• E) That because the debtor acted willfully and maliciously to cause injury to the collateral, only 50% of the debt was dischargeable.

---

Definitions:

Subcultures

Groups within a larger culture that have their own distinct values, norms, and practices, which differentiate them from the broader culture.

Effecting Changes

The process of implementing new strategies or modifications in an organization, community, or system to achieve desired outcomes.

Bureaucratic Culture

Describes a formalized organizational culture that is characterized by strict procedures, hierarchical communication lines, and a clear chain of command.

Clan Culture

An organizational culture typified by a family-like environment, where loyalty, tradition, and personal commitment are highly valued.