In Keeping Planning a Continuous Process That Is Attuned to Changes

question 71

Multiple Choice

In keeping planning a continuous process that is attuned to changes in both the internal and external environment, firms should consider all of the following except

• A) the use of two-way feedback between managers and employees in the performance appraisal process.
• B) scheduled retreats of key managers and employees.
• C) carefully analyzing circumstances and avoiding "seat of the pants" crisis management.
• D) the creation of standing cross-functional committees.

---

Definitions:

Subculture

A culture within a broader culture, with its own distinct values, practices, and beliefs, often emerging around shared interests or identities.

Symbolic Culture

A component of culture that is expressed through symbols, language, and nonmaterial culture, embodying the values and norms of a society.

Ideal Culture

The norms, values, and patterns of behavior that members of a society believe should be observed in principle.

Real Culture

The norms, values, and patterns of behavior that actually exist within a society (which may or may not correspond to the society’s ideals).