A Researcher Wishes to Test Whether the Proportion of College

question 70

Essay

A researcher wishes to test whether the proportion of college students who smoke is the same in four different colleges.She randomly selects 100 students from each college and records the number that smoke.The results are shown below. $\begin{array}{r|cccc} & {\text { College A }} & \text { College B } & \text { College C}&{ College D } \\\hline \text { Smoke } & 17 & 26 & 11 & 34 \\\text { Don't smoke } & 83 & 74 & 89 & 66\end{array}$ Test statistic: χ2 = 17.832
P-value = 0.0004763

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Definitions:

Halo Effect

A cognitive bias where the perception of one positive trait (like attractiveness) in a person influences the observer's judgment to also perceive other unrelated positive traits.

Placebo Control Group

A group in experimental research that receives a sham or inert treatment, used to compare against the real treatment's effects.

Active Component

The element in a system or product that is responsible for its primary function or effect.

Diet Supplement

Products intended to add nutritional value to the diet, often containing vitamins, minerals, herbs, or other substances.