Refer to the Scenario Given to Answer the Following Questions

question 79

Multiple Choice

Refer to the scenario given to answer the following questions.
A-Z Goal Setting and Planning (Scenario)
Organizations ABC and XYZ are both in the same industry and vie for the same set of customers in the marketplace. At ABC, goals are set at the top level of management each year and then broken into subgoals for each organizational level. Similarly, plans are developed at the top level and then reformulated and delegated to managers at the middle and lower levels. At XYZ, goals are developed at the top level, and then those managers meet with their subordinates at the next lower level to establish mutually agreeable goals. The middle managers then meet with the first-level managers to establish mutually agreeable goals. Finally, the first-level managers meet with each of their employees and establish mutually agreeable goals. Annual plans are then developed by organization members at all levels to meet their specific needs.
-Assuming that XYZ's hierarchy of goals is clearly defined, the resulting integrated network of goals could also be called a __________ chain.

• A) hierarchical-link
• B) means-end
• C) management by objectives
• D) top-to-bottom
• E) management

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Definitions:

Personal Mastery

The discipline of continuously clarifying and deepening one's personal vision, focusing energies, developing patience, and seeing reality objectively.

Firm's Culture

Refers to the shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape how a company's employees interact and conduct business.

Mental Models

Internal representations of the external world, which people use to understand and interact with it.

Sustainable Competitive Advantage

A long-term edge over competitors, achieved through unique resources, capabilities, or strategies that are difficult to replicate.