Combined One Byte at a Time with the Plaintext Stream

question 11

Multiple Choice

Combined one byte at a time with the plaintext stream using the XOR operation, a __________ is the output of the pseudorandom bit generator.

• A) keystream
• B) digital signature
• C) secure hash
• D) message authentication code

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Definitions:

Long-Run Average Usage

The average amount of a resource used over a prolonged period, reflecting consistent consumption patterns.

Dual Cost Allocation

An accounting method that assigns costs to two or more entities or projects, based on a predetermined formula or basis of apportionment.

Variable Costs

Costs that vary directly with the level of production or service delivery, such as materials and labor.

Fixed Costs

Expenses that do not change with the level of production or sales over a certain period, such as rent and salaries.