Explain the Concepts of Explicit Costs and Implicit Costs

question 8

Essay

Explain the concepts of explicit costs and implicit costs.Why do economists include implicit costs in their calculation of profits?

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Definitions:

Excess Reserves

The capital reserves held by a bank or financial institution in excess of what is required by regulators, central bank, or other governing body.

Actual Reserves

The amount of funds that a bank has on hand and available to lend, beyond its reserve requirements.

Required Reserves

The minimum amount of funds a bank must hold in reserve against deposit liabilities, as mandated by regulatory authorities.

Required Reserve Ratio

The fraction of deposits that banks are required to keep on hand and not loan out, used by central banks to control the amount of money in circulation.