Human Beings Generally Have an Aversion to Bitter and Sour

question 319

Multiple Choice

Human beings generally have an aversion to bitter and sour foods. Some researchers suggest that this is because foods that are inedible or even poisonous are often bitter or sour. The tendency of human beings to find these potentially harmful foods repulsive is an example of ________.

• A) classical conditioning
• B) vicarious conditioning
• C) conditioned emotional response
• D) biological preparedness

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Definitions:

Synaptic Cleft

The small gap at a synapse between neurons, across which neurotransmitters move from one neuron to another.

Terminal Buttons

The small knobs at the end of an axon that release chemicals called neurotransmitters into the synapse, thereby transmitting nerve impulses to another nerve cell.

Cell Membrane

The thin, flexible barrier that surrounds cells, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Action Potential

A short-lasting event in which the electrical membrane potential of a cell rapidly rises and falls, facilitating neural communication.