A Woodchuck Tries to Crack a Walnut Shell in Two

question 84

Multiple Choice

A woodchuck tries to crack a walnut shell in two different ways-with his paws and with his teeth. The last method worked and the first did not; hence, the woodchuck will be more likely to rely on his teeth for splitting the next nut. This observation illustrates the:

• A) the discrimination principle.
• B) the Law of Practice.
• C) the Law of Effect.
• D) the Premack principle.

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Definitions:

Identity Status

Refers to the four stages of identity development proposed by James Marcia, including achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and diffusion.

Identity Achievement

A stage in identity development where an individual has explored various options and made deliberate choices, resulting in a sense of self.

Identity Moratorium

A phase in Erik Erickson's theory of psychosocial development where an individual is actively exploring and questioning various personal identities but has not yet committed to one.

Formal Operational Stage

The final stage of cognitive development (around age 12 onwards), according to Jean Piaget, marked by the ability to think abstractly and logically.