A Positive Reinforcer Is a Stimulus That Is ________ and Thus

question 141

Multiple Choice

A positive reinforcer is a stimulus that is ________ and thus ________ the probability of a response.

• A)removed; decreases
• B)presented; increases
• C)presented; decreases
• D)removed; increases

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Definitions:

Welfare or Efficiency Loss

The decrease in economic efficiency, often measured as the loss of consumer or producer surplus, due to deviations from perfect competition.

Marginal Revenue

The additional income gained from selling one more unit of a good or service; crucial for determining the optimum level of production.

Economies of Scale

The cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, with cost per unit of output typically decreasing with increasing scale.

Entry Barrier

Obstacles that make it difficult to enter a particular market, including high start-up costs, strict regulations, or significant competition.