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3- Explain how nitric oxide alters the activity of adjacent neurons in the brain.
Premack's Probability-Differential Theory
A theory that suggests more probable behaviors will reinforce less probable behaviors.
Response Deprivation Theory
A theory suggesting that behavior can serve as a reinforcement when access to the behavior is restricted and its frequency falls below a preferred level.
Negative Reinforcement
The termination of an aversive event, which reinforces the behavior that preceded it.
Escape
A type of behavior or response aimed at getting away from an unpleasant or aversive situation.
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