Read the Following (Slightly Modified) Excerpt from a New York

question 14

Essay

Read the following (slightly modified) excerpt from a New York Times article about lying. Identify the different types of supporting material used by the writer. How do these types of supporting material enhance comprehension and interest?
Deception is a complex thing, evanescent and difficult to pin down; it's no accident that the poets describe it with diaphanous imagery like "tangled web" and "tissues of lies." Sigmund Freud thought anyone could spot deception by paying close attention, since the liar, he wrote, "chatters with his fingertips; betrayal oozes out of him at every pore." The German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, wrote that "the mouth may lie, but the face it makes nonetheless tells the truth."
This idea-the notion that liars are easy to spot-is still with us…Charles Bond, a psychologist at Texas Christian University, reported that among 2,500 adults surveyed in 63 countries, more than 70 percent believe that liars tend to avert their gaze. The majority also believe that liars squirm, stutter, touch, or scratch themselves or tell longer stories than usual…The English language has 112 words for deception, each with a different shade of meaning: collusion, fakery, malingering, self-deception, confabulation, prevarication, exaggeration, denial. But studies show that a very small minority of people, probably fewer than five percent, seem to have some innate ability to sniff our deception with accuracy. [Source: Robin Harantz Henig, "Looking for the Lie," The New York Times Magazine, February 5, 2006, pp. 47-53 and 76.]

---

Definitions:

Cash Inflows

The total amount of money coming into a business or individual's account, from various sources.

Rate Of Return

Earnings or losses on an investment throughout a certain timeframe, indicated as a percentage of the investment’s inception cost.

Projects

Specific initiatives or plans undertaken by a business or organization to achieve certain goals, often involving research, development, or investment in new products or services.

Diesel Electric Hybrid

A vehicle or machine that uses a combination of a diesel engine and electric motors for propulsion, aiming to increase efficiency and reduce emissions.