Public Bureaucracies Are Powerful Because

question 20

Multiple Choice

Public bureaucracies are powerful because

• A) they are not subject to control by the president or Congress.
• B) their actions cannot be overturned or challenged by courts.
• C) they have the power of both "the purse" and "the sword."
• D) legislatures, chief executives, and the people delegate vast power to them to make sure a particular job is done.
• E) every one of their employees is appointed for life.

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Definitions:

Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test

A nonparametric statistical hypothesis test used when comparing two related samples or repeated measurements on a single sample to assess whether their population mean ranks differ.

Tied Values

Occur when two or more entities in a dataset have the same value on a particular measure.

Ranks

The ordinal positions of values in a dataset, arranged in ascending or descending order.

Kruskal-Wallis Test

A nonparametric statistical test used to compare three or more independent groups of sampled data to determine if there is a difference in their medians.