Which Statement About the Pathophysiology of Lower Urinary Tract Infections

question 13

Multiple Choice

Which statement about the pathophysiology of lower urinary tract infections is true?

• A) The low osmolarity of urine diminishes bacterial viability in the bladder.
• B) Any obstruction of urinary outflow decreases the bladder's resistance to bacterial infection.
• C) Immunoglobulin A (IgA) facilitates adherence of bacteria to the bladder wall.
• D) The presence of IgA in all women decreases their ability to combat bacterial invasion of the bladder.

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