How Is Moment Magnitude (MW )Calculated

question 32

Multiple Choice

How is Moment Magnitude (MW ) calculated?

• A)from surface wave magnitude measured one minute after the first P-wave arrival
• B)from the amount of building or other infrastructure damage in large earthquakes with more than one minute of of ground shaking
• C)from average fault displacement, average fault rupture area, and rock shear strength in the fault zone or by measuring very long period waves on special long period seismometers, triggered to record only very large earthquakes
• D)from S-wave magnitude measured one minute before the last P-wave arrival

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Definitions:

Alarm Reaction

The initial stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome, characterized by the body's immediate physical response to a perceived stressor.

Sympathetic Nervous System

Part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for quick response to stress by accelerating the heart rate and increasing blood pressure, among other functions.

Adrenal Medulla

The inner part of the adrenal glands that secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline, involved in the body's fight-or-flight response.

Hormones

Chemical messengers produced by glands in the body that regulate various functions by traveling through the bloodstream to tissues and organs.