How Do Altruistic Behaviors Arise Through Natural Selection

question 21

Multiple Choice

How do altruistic behaviors arise through natural selection?

• A) By his or her actions, the altruist increases the likelihood that some of its genes will be passed on to the next generation.
• B) The altruist is appreciated by other members of the population because its survivability has been enhanced by virtue of its risky behavior.
• C) Animals that perform altruistic acts are allowed by their population to breed more, thereby passing on their behavior genes to future generations.
• D) Altruistic behaviors lower stress in populations, which increases the survivability of all the members of the population.

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Definitions:

Risk-neutral

A description of an investor or decision-maker who is indifferent between choices with different levels of risk, focusing solely on expected outcomes.

Investments

The act of allocating resources, usually money, with the expectation of generating an income or profit.

Risk-averse

Describes an individual's preference for certainty or guaranteed outcomes over uncertainty or potential losses.

Marginal Utility

The additional satisfaction a consumer gains from consuming one more unit of a good or service.