Use the Following Information to Answer the Question(s) Below

question 26

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question(s) below.
Many terrestrial arthropods exchange gases with their environments by using tracheae, tubes that lead from openings (called spiracles) in the animal's exoskeleton or cuticle directly to the animal's tissues. Some arthropods can control whether their spiracles are open or closed; opening the spiracles allows carbon dioxide produced in the tissues to travel down the tracheae and be released outside the animal. Klok et al. measured the carbon dioxide emitted over time (represented by VCO2) by several species of centipedes. The figure below presents graphs of their results for two species, Cormocephalus morsitans and Scutigerina weberi. (C. J. Klok, R. D. Mercer, and S. L. Chown. 2002. Discontinuous gas-exchange in centipedes and its convergent evolution in tracheated arthropods. Journal of Experimental Biology 205:1019-29.) Copyright 2002 The Company of Biologists and the Journal of Experimental Biology.
-Look at the graph for Scutigerina weberi (note the scale of the y-axis) in the accompanying figure. What is the best interpretation of these results?

• A) The centipede had its spiracles open the entire time.
• B) The centipede had its spiracles closed the entire time.
• C) The centipede had its spiracles open when carbon dioxide (CO2) emission peaked and closed when CO2 emission was low.
• D) The centipede had its spiracles closed when carbon dioxide (CO2) emission peaked and open when CO2 emission was low.

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Definitions:

Systematically Watches

The act of observing or monitoring something in a methodical and organized manner.

Affecting Subjects

Influencing participants in a study or experiment, potentially altering their behavior or responses.

Case Studies

Research methods involving the detailed examination of a single subject or group, providing in-depth data and insights.

Researcher Bias

The tendency for researchers to influence the outcome of a study due to their personal beliefs, expectations, or preferences, potentially skewing the results.