Solved

Use the Following Information to Answer the Question Below

question 12

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question below.
In 1983, a population of dark-eyed junco birds became established on the campus of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) , which is located many miles from the junco's normal habitat in the mixed-coniferous temperate forests in the mountains. Juncos have white outer tail feathers that the males display during aggressive interactions and during courtship displays. Males with more white in their tail are more likely to win aggressive interactions, and females prefer to mate with males with more white in their tails. Females have less white in their tails than do males and display it less often. (Pamela J. Yeh. 2004. Rapid evolution of a sexually selected trait following population establishment in a novel habitat. Evolution 58[1]:166-74.)
Refer to the paragraph on dark-eyed junco birds. The UCSD campus male junco population tails were, on average, 36 percent white, whereas the tails of males from nearby mountain populations averaged 40-45 percent white. If this observed trait difference were due to a difference in the original colonizing population, it would most likely be due to ________.

Definitions:

No-Par Value

Refers to shares of stock issued without a specified face value, unlike par value stock which has a legal capital amount assigned per share.

Noncumulative Preferred Stockholders

Preferred stockholders whose dividends do not accumulate if not declared in a given period, missing dividends are not required to be paid in the future.

Current-Year Dividends

Current-Year Dividends refer to the distribution of a portion of a company's earnings to its shareholders, declared and paid within the current fiscal year.

Cumulative Preferred Stockholder

A cumulative preferred stockholder is an investor who owns preferred shares that accumulate unpaid dividends, ensuring they are paid out before any dividends on common stock.