Over Long Periods of Time, Many Cave-Dwelling Organisms Have Lost

question 7

Multiple Choice

Over long periods of time, many cave-dwelling organisms have lost their eyes. Tapeworms have lost their digestive systems. Whales have lost their hind limbs. How can natural selection account for these losses?

• A) Natural selection cannot account for losses, but accounts only for new structures and functions.
• B) Natural selection accounts for these losses by the principle of use and disuse.
• C) Under particular circumstances that persisted for long periods, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefits.
• D) The ancestors of these organisms experienced harmful mutations that forced them to lose these structures.

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Definitions:

Union Membership

The status of being a member of a labor union, which is an organization that represents workers' interests to employers, particularly concerning wages and working conditions.

Wage

The price paid for the use or services of labor per unit of time (per hour, per day, and so on).

Salary Workers

Individuals who receive a fixed regular payment, often monthly, from their employer, regardless of the number of hours worked.

Monopsonist

An economic situation where there is only one buyer in the market, giving the buyer substantial power over prices and terms with suppliers.