Viruses Use the Host's Machinery to Make Copies of Themselves

question 11

Multiple Choice

Viruses use the host's machinery to make copies of themselves. However, some human viruses require a type of replication that humans do not normally have. For example, humans normally do not have the ability to convert RNA into DNA. How can these types of viruses infect humans, when human cells cannot perform a particular role that the virus requires?

• A) The virus causes mutations in the human cells, resulting in the formation of new enzymes that are capable of performing these roles.
• B) The viral genome codes for specialized enzymes not in the host.
• C) The virus infects only those cells and species that can perform all the replication roles necessary.
• D) Viruses can stay in a quiescent state until the host cell evolves this ability.

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Definitions:

Dim Light

A low level of illumination, often creating a subdued or intimate atmosphere.

Retina

A light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye responsible for capturing images and converting them into electrical signals for the brain to interpret.

Visual Receptors

Specialized cells located in the retina that convert light into neural signals enabling vision.

Retina

A membrane located at the rear of the eyeball made up of light-sensitive cells that initiate nerve signals, which are transmitted through the optic nerve to the brain to create a visual perception.