Proto-Oncogenes ________

question 6

Multiple Choice

Proto-oncogenes ________.

• A) normally suppress tumor growth
• B) were initially introduced into eukaryotic cells by retroviruses
• C) are produced by somatic mutations induced by carcinogenic substances
• D) stimulate normal cell growth and division
• E) are underexpressed in cancer cells

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Definitions:

Voluntary Restriction

Voluntary restriction refers to limitations or constraints that an organization chooses to impose on itself, often related to its operations or the use of its assets, not mandated by external regulations.

Retained Earnings

The accumulated net income of a company that is retained and not distributed to shareholders as dividends.

Net Loss

The result when a company's expenses exceed its revenues during a specific period, indicating negative profitability.

Cash Dividends

Payments made by a corporation to its shareholder members. It represents the share of earnings distributed.