Pemphigus Vulgaris Is an Autoimmune Disorder in Humans in Which

question 4

Multiple Choice

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disorder in humans in which antibodies are produced against the cadherins of desmosomes. The blistering of the skin and mucous membranes characteristic of this disorder is probably a result of ________.

• A) a decrease in flexibility of the cell membrane
• B) an inadequate number of G-protein receptors
• C) inadequate production of cytoskeletal proteins
• D) a loss in cell-cell adhesion

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Definitions:

Penetrating Head Injuries

Injuries where an object pierces the skull and enters the brain, potentially causing severe damage and requiring immediate medical attention.

Closed Head Injuries

Injuries to the head where the skull remains intact but the brain is damaged, often leading to temporary or permanent neurological issues.

Neurocognitive Disorder

A general term describing a decrease in cognitive function due to a medical disorder other than a psychiatric illness.

Athletes

Individuals who participate in physical sports, often involving competitions, requiring skill, physical prowess, and often professional or amateur status.