Under Which Condition Is a Rat Most Likely to Experience

question 42

Multiple Choice

Under which condition is a rat most likely to experience anxiety rather than fear?

• A) when a CS precedes shock 100% of the time
• B) when a CS is followed by shock on 50% of the trials but when there is no CS there is no shock
• C) when the probability of shock following a CS is 40% and the probability of shock happening when there is no CS is also 40%
• D) when the probability of shock following a CS is 90% and the probability of shock occurring when there is no CS is 5%

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Definitions:

Fundus

The upper part of the stomach, which creates a reservoir for undigested food and gas produced during digestion.

Pyloric

Pertaining to the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum, involved in the regulation of gastric emptying.

Celiac Disease

An autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine, impairing nutrient absorption.

Villi

Small finger-like projections that line the intestine, increasing its surface area for absorption of nutrients from digested food.