What Did Edward Tolman's Studies on Rats That Developed Cognitive

question 183

Multiple Choice

What did Edward Tolman's studies on rats that developed cognitive maps show?

• A) Learning cannot occur without reinforcement.
• B) Rats are spatially deficient.
• C) Learning can occur without behavioral change.
• D) Cognitive maps can produce disorientation.

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Definitions:

Perfect Competition

A theoretical market structure characterized by infinite buyers and sellers, homogeneous products, and perfect information, leading to an optimal allocation of resources.

Public Ownership

The ownership of assets by the government or state, as opposed to private sector ownership, often found in utilities, transportation, and certain industries.

Total Surplus

The total net gain for society from producing and consuming a good, encapsulated by the addition of consumer surplus and producer surplus.

Profit Maximization

The technique a firm applies to set the price and production level for the best profit return.