In the Accompanying Figure, the 13s in the Top and Bottom

question 45

Multiple Choice

In the accompanying figure, the 13s in the top and bottom rows are identical, but the one on top is perceived as a letter while the one on the bottom is perceived as a number. Why might this difference in perception occur?

• A) because of top-down processing effects
• B) because we try to impose organization on top-down processes
• C) because feature detection is a data-driven process
• D) because we try to maintain a sense of constancy in perception

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Definitions:

Personality

The unique combination of characteristics and traits that define an individual's patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.

Unconscious

Pertains to the part of the mind that is inaccessible to the conscious mind but that affects behavior and emotions.

Conscious

The state of being aware of and able to think about one's own existence, sensations, thoughts, surroundings, and experiences.

Preconscious

In Freudian psychology, thoughts and feelings not currently in awareness but can be easily brought to consciousness.