In the Supermarket Checkout Line, If John Is Crying, His

question 14

Multiple Choice

In the supermarket checkout line, if John is crying, his mother gives him candy to calm him down. However, if John is sitting quietly in the cart, his mother does not give him candy. John really likes candy, so it is likely that he will repeat his crying behavior, as suggested by _____.

• A) the Yerkes-Dodson law
• B) Thorndike's law of effect
• C) latent learning
• D) extinction

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Definitions:

Allele

Alternative form of a gene; alleles occur at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.

Bottleneck Effect

A sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events or human activities, leading to a loss of genetic variation.

Gene Flow

The transfer of genetic variation from one population to another, which can occur through various mechanisms such as migration or the movement of pollen and seeds.

Phenotype

The observable characteristics or traits of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.