Which of the Following Is an Advantage of Instant Messaging

question 57

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an advantage of instant messaging (IM) ?

• A) It includes "presence functionality," which allows coworkers to locate each other online, thus avoiding wasting time tracking someone down who is out of the office.
• B) It is immediate; a user knows right away whether a message has reached its recipient.
• C) It avoids phone tag and eliminates the downtime associated with personal telephone conversations.
• D) All of the above are advantages of instant messaging (IM).

---

Definitions:

Academic Self-concept

An individual's perception of their own academic abilities or skills.

Academic Self-efficacy

An individual's belief in their own ability to succeed in academic tasks.

Academic Disidentification

A psychological process where students detach their sense of self-worth from their academic performance.

Theory of Planned Behavior

A psychological theory that links beliefs and behavior, suggesting that an individual’s intention to engage in a behavior is influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control over the behavior.