Which Is a Characteristic of Trait Theorists

question 38

Multiple Choice

Which is a characteristic of trait theorists?

• A) hierarchical organization of personality.
• B) use of bivariate research.
• C) emphasis on cross-situational variability.
• D) emphasis on longitudinal variability.

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Definitions:

Actor-Observer Bias

A cognitive bias involving the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external factors while attributing others' actions to their personality or disposition.

Cognitive Dissonance

A psychological phenomenon that occurs when an individual experiences discomfort due to holding conflicting beliefs or values.

Defensive Attributions

Cognitive processes used to deflect blame from oneself and to prevent feelings of guilt or inadequacy, often by assigning responsibility to external factors.

Self-Serving Bias

A common tendency to attribute success to personal characteristics and failures to external factors for self-enhancement.