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One interesting question that arises from Kelly's theory is how a person chooses for himself one end of a dichotomized construct. According to Kelly, a person chooses the alternative that
In-groups
Social groups to which an individual feels they belong and with which they identify, fostering a sense of loyalty and us-versus-them dynamics with out-groups.
Out-groups
Groups to which an individual does not belong or identify with, often regarded by members of the in-group as their opponents or as socially inferior.
Bureaucratic Dehumanization
The process by which bureaucratic systems and procedures treat individuals as impersonal numbers, often leading to a loss of personal identity or neglect of individual needs.
Bureaucratic Ritualism
The phenomenon whereby bureaucratic processes become more important than the outcomes they were intended to achieve, often leading to inefficiency.
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