Which of These Is an Essential Concern Regarding Ethical Principles

question 135

Multiple Choice

Which of these is an essential concern regarding ethical principles for human research?

• A) Research participants must give informed consent.
• B) Research participants must be deceived so that they do not know the true nature of the research to which they are contributing.
• C) Research participants must be paid for their contribution.
• D) As long as informed consent has been given, research participants may be subjected to any level of physical or psychological pain or discomfort.

Grasp the concept of extinction within operant conditioning and its effects on behavior.

Differentiate between positive and negative reinforcement and their applications in real-life scenarios.

Identify examples of punishment and its effects on decreasing undesired behaviors.

Understand the role of stimuli in prompting specific conditioned responses.

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Definitions:

Extortion

The act of taking another’s property with consent when such consent is coerced by threat to injure a victim’s person, property, or reputation.

M'Naughten Rule

A legal standard for determining whether a defendant can be deemed not guilty by reason of insanity, focusing on the defendant's ability to know right from wrong at the time of the crime.

Durham Test

A legal standard used in the United States to determine whether a defendant’s criminal act was the product of a mental disease or defect, thus providing a defense of insanity.

Negligence

A legal concept in tort law where a party's failure to exercise reasonable care results in damage or injury to another.