Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 8

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
The following scenario presents fabricated data consistent with the results of the following study:
Gilbertson,M.W. ,Shenton,M.E. ,Ciszewski,A. ,Kasai,K. ,Lasko,N .B. ,Orr,S.P. ,& Pitman,R.K.(2002) .Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma.Nature Neuroscience,5,1242-1247.
Persons who live through a traumatic experience may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) .PTSD is characterized by chronic physiological arousal,recurrent unwanted thoughts or images,and avoidance of things that bring the trauma to mind,with symptoms persisting for more than 1 month.Persons with PTSD also are at risk for other psychological disorders,with substance abuse disorder being a common comorbid diagnosis.In the last two decades,a number of studies have demonstrated that persons with PTSD have smaller hippocampi than controls.This may result from the neurotoxic effects of stress hormones examined the hippocampal volume of combat veterans with and without PTSD who each had an identical twin who never served in the military.Fabricated results consistent with this study are shown in Figure 15.1.
Figure 15.1
-(Scenario I) The results of the study by Gilbertson and colleagues (2002) suggest that:

• A)among veterans,smaller hippocampi probably are due to trauma-induced glucocorticoid release.
• B)smaller hippocampi may make people more susceptible to PTSD if exposed to a traumatic event.
• C)soldiers with smaller hippocampi probably will develop PTSD.
• D)PTSD is largely genetically determined.

Recognize the importance of environmental factors and community infrastructure in disease prevention.

Understand the historical development of public health initiatives and their impact on community health.

Analyze the role of government and non-governmental organizations in the advancement of public health.

Identify key figures and their contributions to public health and nursing.

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Definitions:

Distance Themselves

An action or behavior in which individuals or entities create emotional or physical space from others or certain ideas to avoid association or involvement.

Pilot Study

A small-scale preliminary study conducted to evaluate feasibility, time, cost, risk, and adverse effects before proceeding to a full-scale research project.

Surveying

The process of gathering data or information about a population or area, often through questionnaires or observational methods.

Interviewing

A method of collecting data in qualitative research where questions are posed to participants to gather information on a specific topic.