Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 5

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
The following scenario describes research findings discussed in the following review article:
Cameron,C.C. ,& Thaler,R.H.(1995) .Anomalies: Ultimatums,dictators,and manners.Journal of Economic Perspectives,9(19) ,209-219.
In the ultimatum game,two participants are assigned to be either the "Divider" or the "Decider" by a coin flip.The Divider is given a sum of money,such as $10,and is instructed to offer some nonzero portion of it to the Decider.If the Decider accepts,she gets to keep what was offered and the Divider keeps the rest.If the Decider rejects the deal,both players get nothing.Both players are made aware of all of these rules and then the game begins.Under these conditions,Dividers usually offer a little less than $5 and Deciders usually accept this amount.If Dividers offer less,Deciders often reject and both players get nothing.A similar game is termed the dictator game.Players are randomly assigned to be either the "Allocator" or the "Receiver." The Allocator is given a sum of money and makes a decision about how much money she would like to give the Receiver,who must accept this result.Allocators in this game usually offer some money to the Receiver but typically less than they offer the Dividers in the ultimatum game.
-(Scenario I) Skeptics of the results of the original ultimatum game criticized the research for drawing conclusions based on games involving small amounts of money not representative of important real-life economic decisions.This was a criticism associated with the _____ of the research.

• A)reliability
• B)internal validity
• C)external validity
• D)statistical significance

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Definitions:

Preoperational

A stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development (approximately ages 2-7) where children begin to use language and think symbolically, but lack logical operations.

Formal Operational

The stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development where individuals learn to think logically about abstract concepts and hypothetical situations.

Division

A mathematical operation in which one quantity is divided by another, resulting in a quotient that shows how many times one number is contained within another.

Insecure Attachment

A type of emotional bond which is characterized by anxiety, fear, and insecurity, often resulting from inconsistent caregiver responses in early childhood.