Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 10

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
The following scenario describes research findings discussed in the following review article:
Cameron,C.C. ,& Thaler,R.H.(1995) .Anomalies: Ultimatums,dictators,and manners.Journal of Economic Perspectives,9(19) ,209-219.
In the ultimatum game,two participants are assigned to be either the "Divider" or the "Decider" by a coin flip.The Divider is given a sum of money,such as $10,and is instructed to offer some nonzero portion of it to the Decider.If the Decider accepts,she gets to keep what was offered and the Divider keeps the rest.If the Decider rejects the deal,both players get nothing.Both players are made aware of all of these rules and then the game begins.Under these conditions,Dividers usually offer a little less than $5 and Deciders usually accept this amount.If Dividers offer less,Deciders often reject and both players get nothing.A similar game is termed the dictator game.Players are randomly assigned to be either the "Allocator" or the "Receiver." The Allocator is given a sum of money and makes a decision about how much money she would like to give the Receiver,who must accept this result.Allocators in this game usually offer some money to the Receiver but typically less than they offer the Dividers in the ultimatum game.
-(Scenario I) Which factor is studied in the ultimatum game but not in the dictator game?

• A)cooperation
• B)altruism
• C)heuristic persuasion
• D)prejudice

---

Definitions:

Physiological Needs

Basic human necessities such as food, water, shelter, and warmth that must be satisfied for survival.

ERG Theory

A motivational theory developed by Clayton Alderfer that categorizes human needs into three groups: Existence, Relatedness, and Growth, suggesting that individuals are motivated to satisfy these needs.

Clayton Alderfer

An American psychologist known for his expansion of Maslow's hierarchy of needs with the development of the ERG (Existence, Relatedness, Growth) theory.

Hierarchy of Needs

A psychological theory proposed by Abraham Maslow that depicts human motivations as a five-tier model of hierarchical needs, ranging from basic (physiological) to higher-order (self-actualization) needs.