Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 8

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario II
For centuries,people have made the observation that intelligence seems to run in families.In modern times,psychologists have confirmed that,indeed,there is a strong genetic component to intelligence.The degree of the association between genes and intelligence can be quantified using the heritability coefficient (h²) .In a population of diverse individuals differing in age,gender,race,and socioeconomic factors,the heritability of intelligence is approximately .5 to .7.This means that about 50-70% of the variability in intelligence scores is associated with genetic factors.Interestingly,the heritability coefficient changes depending on the group under investigation.For example,among wealthy children,the heritability coefficient exceeds .7 because the environments of these children are highly homogeneous.Among poor children,it drops to about .1.The heritability coefficient also tends to increase with the age of the population under investigation.For example,the heritability coefficient is approximately .3 in 3-year-olds and approximately .9 in 65-year-olds.
-(Scenario II) The heritability coefficient of intelligence among poor children is approximately .10.Efforts to enrich home and school environments for this vulnerable population,such as through free-lunch and universal preschool programs,would:

• A)reduce the role that the environment plays and increase the heritability of intelligence.
• B)only negligibly increase intelligence levels.
• C)increase intelligence levels by up to 40 percent.
• D)not affect the relative influence of genetic factors in the heritability of intelligence.

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Definitions:

Subjective

relates to personal opinions, interpretations, or feelings rather than facts.

Halo Effect

A cognitive bias where an observer's overall impression of a person, company, brand, or product influences the observer's feelings and thoughts about that entity's character or properties.

Structured Interview

An interview method where each interviewee is asked the same set of predetermined questions in a specific order.

Observer Drift

A phenomenon where there is a gradual shift or deviation in the way observers record or interpret information over time.