Williams and Ceci (2015)sought to Determine If Gender Biases Exist

question 127

Multiple Choice

Williams and Ceci (2015) sought to determine if gender biases exist in academic hiring practices.They studied almost 1,000 professors in a mock hiring situation in which each professor read the files of several job applicants and then rank-ordered the applicants in terms of most-to-least qualified.What the professors did not know was that the gender of the job applicants was randomly assigned to the professors.That is,if one professor read that job applicant A was a woman,another professor read that the same job applicant A was a man.As a result,an average rating of each applicant could be compared when that applicant was presented as a male and as a female.The authors reported that:

• A)academic professors had a bias for hiring male applicants.
• B)academic professors had a bias for hiring female applicants.
• C)gender biases existed for the hard sciences such as biology but not for the social sciences
• D)no systematic gender biases were observed among the academic professors.

---

Definitions:

Externalizing Problem

Behaviors directed outwardly, typically involving conflicts with other individuals or society, such as aggression or defiance.

Mood Disorder

A psychological disorder characterized by the elevation or lowering of a person's mood, such as depression or bipolar disorder.

Separation Anxiety Disorder

A psychological condition in which an individual experiences excessive fear or anxiety about separating from those to whom they are attached.

Conduct Disorder

A mental health disorder characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior where the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated.