The Characteristic of an Experiment That Establishes the Causal Relationship

question 46

Multiple Choice

The characteristic of an experiment that establishes the causal relationship between variables is termed:

• A)power.
• B)reliability.
• C)internal validity.
• D)external validity.

Understand the concept of social identity and its applications in explaining social phenomena like deindividuation, crowd behavior, and intergroup dynamics.

Comprehend the principles of optimal distinctiveness and how individuals balance group membership with expressing individuality.

Grasp the influence of extended contact and how perceptions of outgroups can be improved through relational connections.

Recognize key theories and hypotheses relevant to social psychology, such as the contact hypothesis and emergent norm theory.

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Definitions:

Tertiary Circular Reactions

A cognitive developmental phase in Jean Piaget's theory, occurring around 12 to 18 months of age, during which infants begin to experiment and explore the properties of objects through novel actions.

Primary Circular Reactions

An early developmental phase in infants where they repeat pleasurable actions centered on their own body.

Preoperational Stage

According to Piaget, the stage from approximately age 2 to age 7 in which children’s use of symbolic thinking grows, mental reasoning emerges, and the use of concepts increases.