Drugs of Abuse Activate the Reward Pathway in the Brain

question 289

Multiple Choice

Drugs of abuse activate the reward pathway in the brain.This pathway consists of multiple brain structures,many neurotransmitters,and millions of interconnected neurons.Determining the brain changes that underlie the transition from casual drug use to addiction is a difficult process due to the _____ of the system.

• A)reliability
• B)parsimony
• C)complexity
• D)reactivity

Apply knowledge of learning theories to recognize instances of learned behaviors and conditioning in real-life and experimental settings.

Evaluate the significance of specific experiments and studies that have contributed to the understanding of learning and conditioning principles.

Understand the definitions and applications of basic terminology in classical conditioning (e.g., UCR, UCS, CS, CR).

Identify examples of classical conditioning in everyday life and experimental contexts.

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Definitions:

Moral Hazard

A situation in economics where one party is more likely to take risks because the costs that could result will not be borne by the party taking the risk.

Unobservable Characteristics

Traits or attributes of an entity that cannot be directly measured or seen but influence outcomes.

Adverse Selection

Adverse selection is a situation in which an asymmetry of information between buyers and sellers results in the failure to facilitate optimal market outcomes, often seen in insurance markets where those most likely to claim insurance are also the most likely to purchase it.

Moral Hazard

The tendency of a person or entity to take risks because the negative consequences of the risk will be borne by another party.