France Has 14 Million Smokers

question 144

Multiple Choice

France has 14 million smokers. More importantly, smokers in France are closely associated with the French culture. To reduce the number of smokers in the nation, the French government has increased the costs of cigarettes to a price twenty times greater than that charged in any other nation in the European Union. In terms of reinforcement theory, what kind of a reinforcement schedule is being used?

• A) variable ratio
• B) fixed punishment
• C) continuous
• D) intermittent
• E) variable interval

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Definitions:

Z-score

A Z-score is a statistical measurement describing the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean of a data set, used in standardizing data and for hypothesis testing.

Theoretical Distribution

A mathematical function that represents the possible values and their associated probabilities of a random variable.

Sampling Distribution

A specific statistic's probability distribution, resulting from a sample taken at random.

Variability

The degree to which scores in a set of data are spread out or differ from each other, indicating the diversity or dispersion within the dataset.