A Nurse Is Discussing Heart Failure with a Group of Nursing

question 6

Multiple Choice

A nurse is discussing heart failure with a group of nursing students. Which statement by a student reflects an understanding of how compensatory mechanisms can compound existing problems in patients with heart failure?

• A) "An increase in arteriolar tone to improve tissue perfusion can decrease resistance."
• B) "An increase in contractility to increase cardiac output can cause pulmonary edema."
• C) "When the heart rate increases to increase cardiac output, it can prevent adequate filling of the ventricles."
• D) "When venous tone increases to increase ventricular filling, an increase in arterial pressure occurs."

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Definitions:

Holophrase

A single word used by an infant that expresses a complex idea or request, indicative of early language development.

Telegraphic Speech

A stage in language development in young children where sentences are constructed with only essential words and grammar is often missing.

English-speaking Infant

A baby who is being raised in an environment where English is the primary language of communication.

Pragmatics

A subfield of linguistics concerned with the use of language in social contexts and the ways in which people produce and comprehend meanings through language.