Robert Is in 5th Grade

question 79

Multiple Choice

Robert is in 5th grade. He scores at the average on a test of intelligence, is doing math problems at the 7th grade level, but is reading at the 1st grade level, despite his efforts to learn. Robert would most likely qualify for a diagnosis of:

• A) intellectual disability
• B) mental retardation
• C) reading unreadiness
• D) learning disability

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Definitions:

Operant Conditioning

is a learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process in psychology where an automatic conditioned response is paired with a specific stimulus, originally discovered by Ivan Pavlov.

Law of Effect

A psychological principle stating that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative outcomes are less likely to be repeated.

Negative Reinforcement

The process of increasing desired behaviors by removing or avoiding a negative stimulus.