What Has Been the General Trend in Diversity in Vascular

question 4

Essay

What has been the general trend in diversity in vascular plants for the past 145 million years?

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Definitions:

Schedule of Reinforcement

A rule or plan for determining the timing and frequency of reinforcement (rewards or punishments) in order to modify behavior.

Fixed Interval

A reinforcement schedule that rewards a response only after a specified time has elapsed, leading to a pattern of response following the reinforcement.

Variable Ratio

In operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that rewards a response after an unpredictable number of responses, making it very effective for maintaining strong and steady response rates.

Negative Punishment

A behavioral psychology term where the removal of a desirable stimulus occurs after a behavior, leading to a decrease in that behavior.